Encoder sealing and environmental protection！

For designs that incorporate bearings, perfectly sealed encoders are impossible, as there must be clearance to allow the bearing to slide over the shaft during encoder assembly. Even high-IP-rated bearings with rubber or plastic lip seals cannot cover all rotational speeds, designs, and mounting positions — and all seals are subject to wear, aging, and UV radiation degradation.
Encoder bearings can be open (least protection), shielded (moderate protection) or sealed (most protection). With all but totally sealed encoders (often associated with magnetic types) shaft-up encoder orientation is least preferred. That said, some hermetically sealed encoders (to IP67) can be installed in various directions, indefinitely submerged in liquids, or pressure washed to 12 bars and 100 liters/min. Labyrinth seals with reverse-lead spiral grooves prevent the ingress of liquids and particulates into the housing. However, shaft seals can be a source of heat generation, so designers must verify limits with the manufacturer.

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