Rotary encoders！

A rotary encoder is a sensor that converts a rotational mechanical displacement encoder into an electrical signal, and processes the signal to detect a position speed. When the rotary encoder shaft drives the grating disk to rotate, light emitted by the light emitting element is cut by the grating slit into intermittent light and received by the receiving element to generate an initial signal. The signal is processed by the subsequent circuit, the output pulse or code signal.
According to the detection principle, rotary encoders can be divided into optical, magnetic, inductive and capacitive. According to its scale method and signal output form, can be divided into incremental, absolute and hybrid three.
Incremental encoder shaft rotation, there is a corresponding phase output. The rotation direction of the number of pulses to determine the increase and decrease, with the help of the rear of the direction of the circuit and the counter to achieve. The counting of the starting point can be arbitrarily set, and can achieve multi-turn infinite accumulation and measurement. It is also possible to send a Z signal for each revolution as a reference mechanical zero. When the pulse has been fixed, and the need to improve the resolution, can be used with 90 degrees phase difference A, B of the two signals, the original pulse frequency.
Absolute encoder axis rotation, there is a one-to-one correspondence with the code (binary, BCD code, etc.) output, change from the code size can determine the positive and negative direction and the displacement of the location, without judgment circuit. Absolute value Rotary encoder has an absolute zero code, when the power off or power on again after the re-measurement, can still accurately read out the location of the power or shutdown code, and accurately find the zero code. In general, absolute encoders can measure from 0 to 360 degrees.

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