Encoder Frequently Used Terms ！

Absolute Encoder: Type of encoder providing a unique binary word for each position.

Incremental Encoder：A type of encoder signal providing logic states "0" and "1" alternately for each successive cycle of resolution.

Absolute Waveform: A binary output waveform which provides a unique parallel word code pattern for every position increment of the encoder shaft, corresponding to the resolution of the encoder. Typical parallel waveforms are Gray Code, Natural Binary, and Binary Coded Decimal.

Incremental Waveform: Two series of square wave cycles offset by 90 degrees whose period is determined by the resolution and rotational speed of the encoder. Typically a once-per-revolution index pulse as well as the inverse of the index and data lines are also part of the standard waveform of an incremental encoder.

Accuracy: This is the deviation between the actual position and the theoretical position of each bit edge. The base accuracy of an encoder is traceable to the encoding disc. Accuracy is different from and is not directly related to resolution.

Index: A single, separate output on an incremental encoder providing one count per revolution. This is often gated to one or both of the count channels, so that the index maintains the same relationship with the count channels on every revolution.

Angular Resolution: The resolution of a rotary encoder expressed as a portion of a circle (i.e. a resolution of 360 cycles per turn, is the same thing as an angular resolution of 1 degree)

Interpolation: An electronic multiplication technique for increasing encoder resolution. Certain interpolation techniques can also increase the encoder bandwidth. See also, Edge Detection.

Bandwidth: The upper usable frequency range of operation for an encoder. Usually determined by the encoder resolution, type of output driver, the type and impedance of the cable, and the type of output receiver.

Binary Coded Decimal: Decimal number represented in natural binary. For example, 360 would be represented as the 12-bit binary number 0011 0110 0000.

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